Intra-sinus rigid fixation of a resorbable barrier membrane to repair a large perforation of the sinus membrane: a technical note

A resorbable barrier membrane is commonly used for the repair of perforated sinus membranes during sinus lifting surgeries. However, repairing largescale perforations poses challenges for clinicians as the protection and isolation of graft material remain uncertain. With this technique, we aimed to prevent graft material loss and subsequent sinus-related complications using intra-sinus rigid fixation of the resorbable barrier membrane in cases with a large perforation of the sinus membrane.

Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor of the Uterus with Lung Metastasis

No abstract available.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of a Prostate Cancer Xenograft Model Seen on a 7 Tesla Animal MR Scanner: Comparison of ADC Values and Pathologic Findings

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and pathologic measures of a tumor using a prostate cancer xenograft model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighteen athymic nude mice with 36 PC-3-induced tumors were sacrificed to obtain specimens immediately after MR imaging in order to compare the findings on MR images with those seen on pathological specimens. Using a high-field small-animal MR scanner, T1- and T2-weighted imaging and DW MR imaging was performed. Tumors were then processed for Hematoxylin and Eosin staining to evaluate tumor cellularity, intratumoral necrosis and immunostaining using antibodies directed against CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to determine the levels of microvessel density (MVD). Mean ADC values that were measured on the solid portion within each tumor were compared with tumor volume, cellularity, degree of necrosis, VEGF expression, and MVD in the corresponding section of the pathological specimen. RESULTS: Mean ADC values of the solid portion within the PC-3-induced high-grade tumors were significantly correlated with the degree of intratumoral necrosis (r = 0.63, p < 0.0001) and MVD (r = -0.44, p = 0.008) on pathologic slides. The ADC values were not significantly correlated with tumor cellularity, VEGF expression, or tumor volume in high-grade prostate cancer tissues. CONCLUSION: In the xenografted prostate cancer model, the ADC values of the solid portion of the tumors are significantly correlated with tumor necrosis and MVD of the pathologic specimens. The ADC values may be utilized as surrogate markers for the noninvasive assessment of tumor necrosis and MVD in high-grade prostate cancer.

Pulmonary Calciphylaxis Associated with Acute Respiratory and Renal Failure Due to Cryptogenic Hypercalcemia: An Autopsy Case Report

Metastatic calcification is rare; it is found during autopsy in patients who underwent hemodialysis. Diffuse calcium precipitation of small and medium-sized cutaneous vessels, known as calciphylaxis, can result in progressive tissue necrosis secondary to vascular calcification. This condition most commonly involves the skin; however, a rare occurrence of visceral calciphylaxis has been reported. Here we report on an autopsy case. Despite a thorough evaluation, and even performing an autopsy, the underlying cause of acute-onset hypercalcemia, resulting in the production of pulmonary calciphylaxis and metastatic renal calcification associated with acute respiratory and renal failure, could not be determined. Metastatic calcification often lacks specific symptoms, and the degree of calcification is a marker of the severity and chronicity of the disease. This unusual autopsy case emphasizes the importance of rapidly progressing visceral calciphylaxis, as well as its early detection.

A Case of Multiple Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Jejunum Which Was Diagnosed by Capsule Endoscopy / 대한소화기학회지

More than 90% cases of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding can be diagnosed by upper endoscopy and/or colonoscopy, and therefore, obscure gastrointestinal bleeding has been defined as bleeding of unknown origin that persists after these conventional endoscopic evaluation. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumors, but the most common form of mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Small bowel is the second most common primary site for GISTs, and accounts for 2-10% of chronic bleeding sites. GISTs usually present as a sporadic and solitary tumor, and a minority of the cases of multiple GISTs are discovered as forms of hereditary or idiopathic tumor syndromes. Small bowel tumor has been difficult to diagnose because of absence of accurate and proper diagnostic tools. Recently developed wireless capsule endoscopy helps in the diagnostic work-up of small bowel diseases. We report a case of multiple jejunal GISTs presenting melena in a 39-year-old male, which was diagnosed with wireless capsule endoscopy.

Ribosomal Protein L19 and L22 Modulate TLR3 Signaling

BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and induces inflammation. In this study we attempted to ascertain if there are endogenous host molecules controlling the production of cytokines and chemokines. Two candidates, ribosomal protein L19 and L22, were analyzed to determine if they influence cytokine production followed by TLR3 activation. In this study we report that L19 acts upon production of IP-10 or IL-8 differently in glioblastoma cells. METHODS: L19 or L22 was transfected into HEK293-TLR3, A549 or A172 cells. After treatment with several inhibitors of NF-kB, PI3K, p38 or ERK, production of IL-8 or IP-10 was measured by ELISA. siRNA was introduced to suppress expression of L19. After Vesicular stomatitis virus infection, viral multiplication was measured by western blot. RESULTS: L19 increased ERK activation to produce IL-8. In A172 cells, in which TLR3 is expressed at endosomes, L19 inhibited interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and IP-10 production to facilitate viral multiplication, whereas L19 inhibited viral multiplication in A549 cells bearing TLR3 on their cell membrane. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that L19 regulates TLR3 signaling, which is cell type specific and may be involved in pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases.

A Case of Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pharynx / 대한이비인후과학회지

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with an incidence of 1/500,000 children per year. It originates from mesenchymal cell to invade soft tissue, developing into a highly aggressive malignant tumor. Rhabdomyosarcoma consists of the following four pathologic groups-embryonal, botryoid, alveolar, and pleomorphic type. While head and neck is the most common site of the embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, the pharynx is rarely reported as a primary site of rhabdomyosarcoma. Recently, the 5-year survival rate of rhabdomyosarcoma has been greatly increased by combining therapy with radical surgery, although it still has poor prognosis. We present a case of rhabdomyosarcoma in the pharynx.

MET Expression in Sporadic Renal Cell Carcinomas

Although germline mutations of met proto-oncogene on human chromosome 7q31-34 have been known as useful molecular markers of hereditary papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the expression of MET, a product of met proto-oncogene, has not been fully studied in sporadic RCC, along with its clinical significance. We investigated the expression of MET by immunohistochemistry in 182 cases of renal neoplasm encompassing 145 RCC, 25 urothelial carcinomas of renal pelvis, and 12 oncocytomas. MET was diffusely and strongly expressed in 90% of papillary RCC, all collecting duct carcinomas, and 92% of urothelial carcinomas of renal pelvis. On the contrary, clear cell RCC, chromophobe RCC, and oncocytomas were negative or focally positive for MET expression. In clear cell RCC, MET expression was positively correlated with high nuclear grade, presence of infiltrative growth, tumoral necrosis, papillary architecture, sarcomatoid component, tumoral involvement of the renal pelvis or ureter, involvement of the calyx, and lymphatic invasion. In conclusion, diffuse and strong expression of MET in papillary RCC and collecting duct carcinoma might be helpful in discriminating from the other subtypes of RCC with tubular or papillary growth. In case of MET expression observed in clear cell RCC, it might correlate with those clinicopathological parameters implying aggressive behavior.

Expression of the Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 in Carcinomas of Salivary Gland Type and Pulmonary Adenocarcinomas

BACKGROUND: Carcinomas of salivary gland type (CSGT) in the low respiratory tract are rare and often difficult to differentiate from pulmonary adenocarcinomas, which are more common and more aggressive than CSGT, especially in the biopsy specimens. Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) is a tissue-specific transcription factor expressed in the thyroid gland and the lung. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the diagnostic utility of TTF-1 in discerning CSGT from adenocarcinomas in the low respiratory tract. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of TTF-1 was investigated in 14 CSGT (9 mucoepidermoid carcinomas and 5 adenoid cystic carcinomas) and 19 adenocarcinomas (5 well differentiated, 12 moderately differentiated and 2 poorly differentiated). RESULTS: Normal alveolar cells as well as bronchial epithelial cells showed the immunoreactivity for TTF-1, but not in the bronchial glands. In tumors, immunoreactivity for TTF-1 was identified in 17 out of 19 cases of adenocarcinomas (89%), but in none of 14 cases of CSGT. In adenocarcinomas, the immunoreactivity for TTF-1 was strongly correlated with the degree of differentiation (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that TTF-1 can be a valuable marker in distinguishing CSGT from adenocarcinomas of the low respiratory tract.